特斯拉“擎天柱”亮相纽约时代广场：车企全面进军机器人市场
特斯拉的人形机器人“擎天柱”Optimus近日在纽约时代广场亮相，并在万圣节期间向路人派发糖果，标志着全球车企在机器人领域的布局进入了一个新的阶段。与以往仅在公司内部或生产设施出现不同，Optimus的公开亮相让全球观众见证了这一技术跨界的潜力。特斯拉首席执行官埃隆·马斯克表示，“擎天柱”有潜力成为有史以来最重要的产品之一，尽管目前在手部和前臂的设计上仍面临技术挑战，但这一跨界创新无疑为未来的机器人产业奠定了坚实的基础。
随着人工智能技术的快速发展，全球车企纷纷进军机器人领域。这一转型不仅仅是技术的延伸，更是产业链重构的关键一步。特斯拉、广汽、小鹏等车企，通过将智能驾驶、自动化生产等领域的成熟技术，迁移至机器人领域，正在重新定义智能制造的标准。从自动驾驶到人形机器人，车企已经形成了一条基于AI和先进硬件技术的产业链。特斯拉通过将自动驾驶技术与电动平台的控制系统应用于Optimus机器人，实现了大幅度的成本降低和性能提升，显著加速了机器人技术的商业化进程。
在全球范围内，随着新能源汽车市场渗透率不断提升，车企正面临新的增长点的挑战。机器人产业，特别是服务型机器人和工业机器人，成为了车企寻求第二增长曲线的关键领域。摩根士丹利预测，到2030年，全球人形机器人市场将突破千亿元，其中中国凭借汽车产业链的优势，有望占据全球市场的一大份额。特斯拉与广汽等领先企业，凭借在智能化生产、供应链管理等方面的经验，正加速机器人技术的全球推广。
尽管前景广阔，机器人技术的商业化仍面临诸多挑战。虽然特斯拉的Optimus预计将在2026年实现量产，单台成本将从20万美元降低至2万美元，但目前行业中的大多数机器人仍处于早期的验证阶段，技术的全面应用还有待突破。尤其在机器人感知、动态平衡与触觉反馈等领域，技术的进一步提升仍需时间。此外，机器人与汽车制造之间的技术差异，也让车企的跨界发展面临复杂的调整过程。
随着技术不断成熟，未来车企的机器人不仅仅是制造业的工具，它们将扩展到家庭、商用以及更多服务领域，进一步推动全球智能制造和生活方式的转型。特斯拉的“擎天柱”只是这一变革的起点，全球车企正在全力布局，未来机器人产业将成为继新能源汽车之后，又一具有巨大潜力的行业。
Tesla’s humanoid robot, Optimus, recently made its debut in New York’s Times Square during Halloween, handing out candy to pedestrians. This public appearance marks a significant moment in the global automotive industry’s foray into the robotics market. Unlike previous instances where Optimus was only showcased in production facilities, this event demonstrates the robot’s potential for wider applications. CEO Elon Musk stated that “Optimus” could become one of the most important products ever, despite ongoing challenges in hand and forearm design. This breakthrough marks a major step toward shaping the future of the robotics industry on a global scale.
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, automakers worldwide are increasingly venturing into the robotics field. This shift is not merely an extension of existing technologies but represents a fundamental restructuring of the global industrial landscape. Automakers such as Tesla, GAC, and Xpeng are taking their expertise in autonomous driving, automation, and electric mobility and applying it to humanoid robots. From self-driving cars to humanoid robots, automakers are creating an integrated ecosystem based on AI and advanced hardware. Tesla has successfully applied its autonomous driving technology and electric platform control systems to Optimus, significantly reducing production costs while enhancing the robot’s capabilities, accelerating its path to commercialization.
As the global penetration of new energy vehicles continues to rise, automakers are facing the challenge of identifying new growth opportunities. Robotics, especially service and industrial robots, is emerging as a key sector for automakers to explore new business avenues. According to Morgan Stanley, the global humanoid robot market is expected to exceed 100 billion yuan by 2030, with China poised to capture a significant portion of the market due to its automotive industry chain advantages. Leading companies like Tesla and GAC are accelerating the global rollout of robotics technology, leveraging their expertise in smart manufacturing, supply chain management, and large-scale production.
While the prospects for robotics are vast, commercialization still faces several challenges. Tesla’s Optimus is expected to reach mass production by 2026, with the cost of each unit reduced from $200,000 to $20,000. However, most robots in the industry are still in the early stages of technology validation, and their widespread application will require further breakthroughs, especially in areas such as perception, dynamic balance, and tactile feedback. Moreover, the technological gap between robotics and traditional automotive manufacturing is a challenge that requires substantial adjustment.As technology advances, automakers’ robots will not only serve as tools in manufacturing but will also extend into households, commercial sectors, and service industries, driving a global transformation in intelligent manufacturing and lifestyle. Tesla’s Optimus is just the beginning of this revolution, and automakers around the world are positioning themselves to lead the way. The robotics industry is set to become as influential as the new energy vehicle sector in the coming years.